Imam Nawawi : Forty Hadith : October 4th 2012
By Sister Eman Al Obaid.
Hadith number 15:
مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ فَلْيَقُلْ خَيْراً أَوْ لِيَصْمُتْ، وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ فَلْيُكْرِمْ جَارَهُ، وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ فَلْيُكْرِمْ ضَيْفَهُ
رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيُّ وَمُسْلِمٌ
Abu Hurairah, radiyallahu 'anhu, reported that the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam, said:
"Let whosoever believes in Allah and in the Last Day either speak good or be silent. Let whosoever believes in Allah and in the Last Day honour his neighbour. Let whosoever believes in Allah and in the Last Day honour his guest."
[Al-Bukhari & Muslim]
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"NEIGHBORS"
There are three statements from the Hadith,pearls of wisdom,if we live by it then our lives will be ideal.especially the first part of speaking good or remaining silent.We must practice it with help from Allah.May Allah make us from the ones who rely on Allah Al Wakil all the time in every aspect of our lives.Flee to Allah,ask Allah to help,have reliance in Allah.
About the second part if the Hadith ,Allah says that whosoever believes in Allah and the last day ,these two things are critical,one is our goal and the other is the motivation to keep us going in duniya.So this is your goal in life to beleive in Allah and the motivation is to remember the doJ.
Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم said in a very gentle command ,that we need to be Kareem, a noble character or behavior ,a perfect character ,precious stone is called hajarun kareem, or a person of high position is known as a kareem,so it will reflect on your people next door,neighbor.Al Jaar means Al MulaSaaqa الملاصقة ,next to,meaning very close,so al jaar doesn't mean only neighbors but anything that is very close to us,this is from the word al mulaaSaqa.
There are four kinds of neighbors that can be close to you:
1)people living with you like husband ,children,sister in law or in laws living with you
2)Next door of your home, your neighbor.
3)40 houses next to you from all direction.
4)people living in the country.
الجار يطلق علئ
١) الساكن معك في البيت
٢)لا صق بيتك
٣)٤٠ دارا
٤)يسكن في البلد
Surah an Nisaa aya 36:
وَاعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا وَبِذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْيَتَامَىٰ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْجَارِ ذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْجَارِ الْجُنُبِ وَالصَّاحِبِ بِالْجَنبِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ مَن كَانَ مُخْتَالًا فَخُورًا
And serve Allah and do not associate any thing with Him and be good to the parents and to the near of kin and the orphans and the needy and the neighbor of (your) kin and the alien neighbor, and the companion in a journey and the wayfarer and those whom your right hands possess; surely Allah does not love him who is proud, boastful;
The neighbors included can be believers,disbelievers,evil, good,or whoever,this huquq includes all types of jiraan. We should not expect people to have good manners ,we should be good to all.don't be according to the people as you will benefit always from good manners,ikhlaaq.If we are good to the people,Allah appreciates it.
The neighbors rights in Islam,what is the virtues of neighbors in Islam,SubhanAllah ! Once prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم was standing and someone came to him and he was talking to the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم for such a long time and the Sahabah watching were uncomfortable at the long duration he صلى الله عليه وسلم was standing and quietly listening to this stranger.After he left ,the Sahabah was very curious to know to whom prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم was listening to.to this prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said all this time it was Jibreel advising me all about the rights of the neighbor to the extent that prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم thought that Jibreel would even say that the neighbor can inherit from me.SubhanAllah!
Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said to the Sahabah that had you come and said salaam to us then Jibreel would have replied back to you!
So this teaches us that whenever you have an opportunity to do a good dont miss it,even if it seems small, if there is ameans to do good ,grab it,you don't know how much hasn't you may earn.the reply from Jibreel would mean like a duaa!
All the neighbors have rights,if he is a relative and muslim and neighbor then he has three rights over you ,if your neighbor is a Muslim then he has two rights and if he is a disbeliever then he has only one right.
Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said if you are a believer then your attitude will reflect on the way you behave with your neighbor.
For egs someone close to you,there is increased interaction,there can be a possibility of more clash hence the reason to be more cautious bout the insiders than being with the outsiders.this is the reason Islam emphasizes more care for people closer to you,as Islam is always taking care of unity and promotes peace.
1)Ahsaan ilaih الا حسان اليه
we need to make ahsaan to the neighbors,how to do the best to the neighbors!
Once Abdullah ibn Omar was sacrificing an animal,so prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said to him that when you slaughter a goat you must think about your neighbor,
Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلمsaid that when AbuDarr that when you cook a shorba, then add more water to share with your neighbor.especially be nice to the neighbors with food,
2)There is a Hadith where prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم says that a person will not attain complete faith until he loves for his neighbor what he wishes for himself.
A man will not be a believer until he loves for his neighbor what he loves for himself.
For egs,see what you don't like if you don't loud music, or parking in front of your gate or cooking with strong smell then don't do that for your neighbor!
So we must imagine how you want people to treat you ,this is the way you should treat the neighbors,how should I honor my neighbors by smiling,by gifts ,then do it!we must put ourselves in their position and do nice,think before doing an action.
3))Don't Harm the neighbor:
Hadith of prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم
و الله لا يؤ من و الله لا يؤمن والله لا يؤ من من لا يامن جاره بو اء قه
Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم says by taking oath by Allah three times,that a person is not a believer if the neighbor is not safe from you,which means that harming the neighbor in any way will not be considered a believer.
(1) a person is not considered if they harm the neighbor!
(2) to harm the neighbors is a MAJOR SIN!
(3)The effect of harming neighbors NULLIFIES the best righteous deeds!
how can you harm the neighbor,by pushing them or Any type of harm,even loud sound, or anyway at all ,the person is not considered a believer.the action proves a believer ,remember sura Hujurat and parable in surah Ibrahim about the tree!
SubhanAllah,what a fitnah can be caused when we are appearing like a Muslim and doing wrong ,so it will make the people blame Islam ,saying their religion teaches them wrong things! so when we are believers we should guard our religion,especially seekers of knowledge have more responsibility to act like the righteous ambassadors of Islam.
Also to harm the neighbor is considered a MAJOR SIN !
For egs do not park in front of their home or throwing garbage ,or children making noise,so first think about yourself and be careful.keeping bags in the wrong place in the class which will lead to others tripping!
Also if we harm the neighbours with hurtful words then this will nullify our good deeds.We are collecting good righteous deeds with ikhlaas but by harming the neighbors then all the deeds will be nullified.SubhanAllah!remember the parable of the tornado where all the righteous deeds are nullified!
A group of Sahabah came to prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم and said that there is a fullaaan woman who prays all night and also gives charity but harms her neighbors saying foul things.to this Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said that she is a person from hellfire.
Allah is Tayyib and He wants pure ,good deeds,so the good deeds should have the good effect on you as well.the salaat should change a person.if I am fasting and still hurting my neighbors then this is not a good fast.
Then the Sahabah said there is another woman who is righteous ,who prays only obligatory ,fasts only in Ramadan but she is not harming or affecting anybody,so it was said she will be among the people of JANNAH!
So don't hurt your neighbor, your husband,your children,the people living in your house!
Any sin that you commit for the neighbor,will be ten times is greater than any other person who is far.if we commit a sin like backbiting towards neighbor someone close like husband it will be more severe.for egs Adultery is a sin and haram but prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم has said that if a man commits adultery with the wife of the neighbor,it is greater than committing adultery with anyone else.ten times is greater sin!
Stealing is haram,but stealing from neighbors house is ten times more.even the smallest things,be it a fruit or tree! So when it was asked which would be a great sin,so prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said about the comiting if adultery with your neighbors wife.
So this is emphasis about the rights of neighbor is more than anyone else.we cannot take rights of neighbors lightly.
Story of Salaf As Saleh:There was a man complaining of a lot of mice,so someone suggested that why don't you get cats to eat them up.he said no the cats will drive the mice to my neighbors house and I cannot harm them so I would prefer to live with the mice.
4))PATIENCE:and bear the harm
For egs if the neighbors children making noise then is Gould not allow my children to make noise,this is wrong!
Islam teaches us to be patient even over evil neighbors.we are living in this life for a short time,think about this,live in this world good and die in good.dont expect others to be good to you ,you be good to others.to be a mutaqee ,ilm is important.we must be patient and look into what we should be doing and not bother that the neighbor is not following the right etiquettes.if you see the neighbors being heedless about mistakes then we must ignore.prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said that Allah loves such a person,whose neighbor is harming him but he remains patient until Allah sends help for him,maybe Allah will guide them or another way.
There was an evil neighbor who was harming others,but if we are patient,then Allah is sufficient for that person.Allah is the guardian who protects and guards us.
Do not complain and think about taking the right,by calling the police etc,how will this help.But we must have patience instead of asking the neighbors to change their ways.Allah will guard you if you are patient!
5))GUARD AND PROTECT THE NEIGHBOR & His Honor:
Also we must guard and protect our neighbor,their property.for egs if there is no electricity then help them with providing candles.if any harm can happen we need to inform the neighbors.
Also we must protect their honor by not peeping into their homes,or spying at the neighbors,so we must guard their honor.just like we would want this from them.
If they need help with money ,then we can give them for egs shortage of food or water etc...
Omar bin Khattab RA when he was a khalifa he would test people before giving anybody the responsibility. so once he sent a messenger with 400 Dinar to give to Abu ubaidah ibn Jarrah .And he asked the messenger to watch what Abu ubaidah does with the money,the messenger saw Abu Ubaidah distributing the money to all his neighbors until he had nothing left for him.
Then Omar RA also sent the same 400dinar with a messenger to Muaad ibn Jabal ,then the messenger found that Muaad also distributed the money to all the neighbors until nothing was left with him.SubhanAllah ! Both the sahabas actions were identical as they had learnt it from our beloved Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم.
This is why he said that they are all brothers,if we follow the teachings from our Sunnah then we will be like brothers .so we will act the same,not necessarily blood relations.
6))Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said that a person is not considered a believer if the neighbor is hungry while we have eaten and our stomach is full.SubhanAllah ,this means we have to be considerate towards our neighbors,especially about food and drink we must think about our neighbors.it is not about nafsee nafsee in dunya,Sufyan ibn Thuree said that a believer is constantly thinking about others welfare!
7))Also it is good to participate in the happiness and sorrow of the neighbors ,bit not to be part of their haram activities.We cannot participate in parties or bidaa,not allowed.
8))GIVE GENTLE ADVICE:
We can advise them but in a very gentle way!
9))BEFORE SHIFTING OR LEAVING THE HOUSE :
We should inform the neighbor before moving out of the house ,if he is interested he can take your home or expand.
10))COMMON WALL :
If your neighbor asks you for something especially related to the borders you should allow him.
11))DONT RAISE THE WALL UNTIL YOU SEEK PERMISSION FROM NEIGHBORS HOUSE :
If you wanted to raise the wall ,then the sun may not reach their home or their home may not get air,so we need to seek neighbors permission.
All this requires reliance from Allah,istianaabillah.
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